GEOLOGIC TIME--SILURIAN

SUMMARY
The period I was studying is Silurian, it is 443-417 million years ago, part of Paleozoic Era and Phanerozoic Eon. The silurian was the time on the earth witnessed the climate became more stable than before, ended the erratic change of climate. During silurian, the earth had considerable changes that had important reaction for the life and environment. One cause of this change was the melting of the large glacial formations, this led to the vast rise of the sea level. Coral reefs first appeared in silurian, it is also the time of evolution of fish.

VIDEO

PROJECT REFLECTION
1. What did you enjoy most about the this project?
This project is great that how Ms. Kara let us choose to work alone or with someone else. I chose to work independently, and I enjoyed how I can work alone, don't need to care about others' progress on the project. I can just move on to the next step right after I finish something. This way is more efficient.


2. What was most challenging about this project? Why?
The most challenging part about this project might be finding information, since there are different information everywhere, it is hard to decide which one to believe and which one to choose. Because you always want to learn the truth but not some other stuff that is not correct.


3. What you change about this project and why?
I will force everyone to work alone!!!! Simply everyone need to work independent. I think teacher should tell the students how important that skill is, but stop brainwashing them to collaborate. I know sometimes alone is weak but together will be stronger. But in the society like this, the strong alive, the weak died. You really need to realized no one can help you forever but yourself!!


4. what are 3 things that you learned from this project?
I learned about the sea level increase and melting of glacial ice is not only happening today, but like million years ago already. So, sometimes, all this geologic events are not occurring only because pollution.

GLOG

THE STARS-BLOG ENTRY

1. What is star?
Stars are large hot gases ball, some of them are bright but some are dim. They look small at night when you look at them, it i because they are light years far away from us, but actually most of them are really huge, and even bigger and brighter than the Sun. Stars have many different sizes and colors.
In the center of the stars is where the heat is made, it is made by the nuclear fusion. Stars can classified in different categories, such as types of stars, colors, sizes, ages, luminosity, temperatures and spectral class.

2. Types of Stars
Stars are classified into 4 different types. They are Super Giant, Giant, Main Sequence and White Dwarf. They are also classified in other 6 different categories, ages, size, temperature, luminosity, color and spectral class.
White dwarf stars are white old stars and very small, temperature is in between 4,000-7,000, they are dim stars, spectral class of white dwarf can be B, A, F. Main sequence stars are young medium stars that can be any colors, temperature and luminosity, therefore, they all have different spectral class. Giant stars are large middle age stars, it can be any color, temperature and luminosity, so spectral class can be different too. Super giant stars are super huge middle age stars, that can have any color, temperature luminosity and spectral class. 


3. H-R Diagram
H-R Diagram's full name is Hertzprung-Russell Diagram.
A H-R Diagram is a graphical tool to show the characteristics of stars, and classified them based on their colors, star types, ages, sizes, luminosity, temperature and stars' names, based on all these information, you can also define their spectral class. 

4. Nuclear Fusion
We know a star is born with a giant cloud, the cloud gets smaller sometimes because the gravity, when it shrink, it gets hotter and hotter, when it is  hot enough, a new star is born. And this is nuclear reaction.
Nuclear fusion help stars to make energy. It is the process of the nuclear reaction change two hydrogen molecules into a helium molecule and energy inside the stars.

5. The Life Cycle of a Star
Stars have a life cycle, it tells the process and everything before they were born, during their life, and after they died. Every stars are born with giant clouds with dust and gas, this is called stellar nebula. But there is a different cycle between sun-like stars, huge stars and giant stars.
Sun-like stars born with stellar nebula which is a giant cloud with dust and gas, and then it forms a star, next step will become a red giant star, and the red giant star will collapse in to a cloud of dust and gas, this is planetary nebula, and it will become a white dwarf after it, and finally it die and become a black dwarf. Huge star born with stellar nebula too, after it forms a star, it become a red giant, the star will have a big explosion called supernova, and it become a neutron star. Giant star follow almost the exact steps as the huge stars, but unlike huge star, after the supernova, giant star will become a black hole.

Extra Credit: Saturn

Planet Order: 6 from the Sun.
Distane from the Sun: 1,426.7million of km
Mass: 95.185 kg
Diameter: 120,536
Rotation: 10hours 14 minutes.
Revolution: 29.5years
#of Moons: 31
Saturn is Jovian


Planet Description

• Second largest planet.
• thick atmosphere is mostly hydrogen and helium.
• has a complex ring system.
• has at least 31 moons.

Interesting Facts

• In Greek mythology, Saturn is the god of agriculture.
• Saturn is the least dense planet.

Neptune

Planet Order  8  from the Sun.
Distance from the Sun: 4,496 million of km
Mass: 17,151 kg
Diameter: 49,500 km
Rotation: 16 hrs
Revolution: 164.8 yrs
#of Moons: 13
Terrestrial or Jovian


Planet Description

• large, gaseous planet with rings that vary in thickness.
• methane atmosphere causes its bluish-green color.
• has dark-color storm in atmosphere, it is similar to the Jupiter Red spot.
• has at least 11 moon.
• the windest planet.

2 Interesting Facts

• It is sometimes farther from the Sun than Pluto is.
• It is name after the Greek god Poseidon, but the Roman name.

My Comments: I would choose this planet for this project because I am a fan of Poseidon's son, Percy Jackson! ;)

Hurricane Irene Project

Critical Thinking
1. What time of the year do hurricanes occur? Why do they only happen during that time?

I think hurricanes occur during summer the most, because during that time, ocean water are warm, hurricanes only deal with warm ocean water, water in other time will be too cold to form a storm surge for hurricane.

2. How can the timing of the tides(high or low) effect the devastation of a hurricane?

If the storm surge is coming during the high tide, it will lead to a more serious destruction to the area, because there will be more water comes up to the ground, way too saturated. 

3. If an area is fully saturated, will a hurricane have more or less impact on an area?

If an area is fully saturated, hurricane will have more impact on an area because the area is already have a big amount of water and if the hurricane come, its going to be more water on the area, it will create a big flood in the area.

4. How does groundwater saturation affect rivers and streams?

Groundwater saturation affect rivers and streams by passing more water to it. If there is overload of groundwater, the water will either flows to the rivers and streams, and it increase the level of water in them, or floating up to the ground and create a flooding to the area, or it will create a spring.

Reflection
1. What is something that you liked about this Mini-Project?
This project help me know better about all this natural phenomenas, like why will this happen, what will happen after this occur and how will this affect our live. And the way we learn about this topic is different than before.

2. What was difficult for you on this project?
To know all the causes and effects for each topic was difficult for me at first. Because even you know what all those topics are, but somehow you just don’t really know what is going on after all and what effects will comes after.

3. What would you change about your work on this project?
I will check my grammar to make sure everything is right and make sense, to make it more formal to present.

4. How did this project help you learn about Hurricane Irene?

I was not in NY when the Hurricane Irene attacked, so this project help me know better about the hurricane like how they form, how will this happen, and all other topics that are connecting to hurricane like flooding is one of the effects of hurricane.